GINGIVITIS
What is Gingivitis?
Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums, typically caused by the buildup of plaque and bacteria on the teeth. It is an early and reversible stage of periodontal (gum) disease. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress into periodontitis, a more severe infection that damages the gums, bone, and ligaments supporting your teeth—potentially leading to tooth loss.
Symptoms of Gingivitis
You may be experiencing gingivitis if you notice:
1. Swollen or tender gums
2. Bleeding while brushing or flossing
3. Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
4. Receding gum line
5. Loose teeth
6. Pain or sensitivity in the gums
Risk Factors for Gingivitis
Some people are more prone to gingivitis due to systemic or lifestyle factors. Common risk factors include:
• Poor oral hygiene habits
• Smoking or tobacco use
• Diabetes, HIV, leukemia, or other immune-compromising conditions
• Hormonal changes (puberty, pregnancy, menopause)
• Vitamin C deficiency
• Ill-fitting dental restorations (e.g., crowns, fillings)
• Certain medications (e.g., steroids, oral contraceptives, calcium channel blockers)
• Genetics
• Mouth breathing
Treatment for Gum Disease
The goal of treatment is to remove the source of infection and allow gums to heal. Treatment options include:
Basic Periodontal Therapy:
• Scaling – Removes plaque and tartar above and below the gumline
• Root Planing – Smoothens root surfaces to help gums reattach to the tooth
• Curettage – Removes the diseased soft tissue lining the periodontal pocket
Advanced Treatment (if needed):
• Flap Surgery – Lifts the gums to deep-clean the roots and bone, then repositions the tissue for healing
How to Prevent Gum Disease
Maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental care are the best ways to prevent gingivitis:
• Brush at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste
• Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth
• Use an antiseptic mouthwash
• Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals
• Quit smoking and avoid tobacco use
• Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and professional cleanings
Oral Health & General Health: The Connection
Severe gum disease can contribute to or worsen systemic health conditions. Research links oral bacteria to:
• Endocarditis (infection of the heart lining)
• Heart disease and stroke
• Pregnancy complications (such as premature birth or low birth weight)
• Respiratory infections (e.g., pneumonia)
Health Conditions That Can Affect Oral Health:
• Diabetes
• HIV/AIDS
• Osteoporosis
• Alzheimer’s disease
For early signs of gum disease or persistent gum discomfort, book a consultation with our experienced dental team at Saiganesh Medical Centre. Early treatment ensures a healthier smile—and a healthier you.