LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY

Laparoscopy is a type of surgical procedure that allows a surgeon to access the inside of the abdomen (tummy) and pelvis without having to make large incisions in the skin. This procedure is also known as keyhole surgery or minimally invasive surgery.

Laparoscopic surgery is becoming the preferred default method for a growing list of common operations, due to its cost-saving benefits and improved patient outcomes. The list includes:

• Cyst, fibroid, stone, and polyp removals.
• Small tumor removals.
• Biopsies.
• Tubal ligation and reversal.
• Ectopic pregnancy removal.
• Endometriosis surgery.
• Urethral and vaginal reconstruction surgery.
• Orchiopexy (testicle correction surgery).
• Rectopexy (rectal prolapse repair).
• Hernia repair surgery.
• Esophageal anti-reflux surgery (fundoplication).
• Gastric bypass surgery.
• Cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) for gallstones.
• Appendectomy (appendix removal) for appendicitis.
• Colectomy (bowel resection surgery).
• Abdominoperineal resection (rectum removal).
• Cystectomy (bladder removal).
• Prostatectomy (prostrate removal).
• Adrenalectomy (adrenal gland removal).
• Nephrectomy (kidney removal).
• Splenectomy (spleen removal).
• Radical nephroureterectomy (for transitional cell cancer).
• Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) for pancreatic cancer.
• Gastrectomy (stomach removal).
• Liver resection.

A laparoscopy is often used to identify and diagnose the source of pelvic or abdominal pain. It’s usually performed when noninvasive methods are unable to help with diagnosis.

In many cases, abdominal problems can be diagnosed with imaging techniques such as

Ultrasound: which uses high frequency sound waves to create images of the body
CT scan : which is a series of special x-rays that take across-sectional images of the body
MRI Scan : which uses magnets and radio waves to produce images of the body

Your doctor may recommend a laparoscopy to examine the following organs:
-Appendix
-Gallbladder
-Liver
-Pancreas
-Small intestine and large intestine
-Spleen
-Stomach
-Pelvic or reproductive organs

By observing these areas with a laparoscope, your doctor may detect :
-An abdominal mass or tumor
-Fluid in the abdominal cavity
-Liver disease
-The effectiveness of certain treatments
-The degree to which a particular cancer has progressed

Your doctor may also be able to perform an intervention to treat your condition immediately after diagnosis.

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